The utilization of simulations for the development of path planning algorithms for autonomous indoor multicopters is of primary importance. It offers a secure and cost-effective setting for the testing and optimization of algorithms. This article considers and examines the currently used simulation options with regard to their suitability for the development of path planning algorithms for autonomous indoor multicopters. The use of autonomous multicopters represents an innovative solution to simplify the process of layout recording and inventories. This article focuses on the voxel-based simulation VSim, developed and named by the author. In light of the extant literature, the article elucidates the simulation environments that are most commonly utilized. Subsequently, a selection of simulations is compared with VSim. The time efficiency and resource usage of the simulation environments are examined based on more than 1,500 test runs. Furthermore, the observations of the test executions are described in detail, and finally, the simulations with all investigated parameters are compared. Additionally, the potential for parallelization is explored and discussed.
Layout, Path planning, Recording, Aircraft, Optimization, Testing
Constantly increasing production volumes and new challenges in production environmentswith the same amount of space are forcing manufacturing companies to deal with the planning of production layouts. The problem often is a non-existent or outdated production layout plan. Autonomous multicopters can help by simplifying layout capture. That's why a voxel-based simulation is investigated to develop and train path planning algorithms with and without artificial intelligence. First, the temporal behavior and the resource utilization of the simulation is investigated. Then, the time factor of simulation is compared to real time and what advantages companies and developers have when using it.
UAS, digital twin, simulation, voxel-based, layout design
This article examines the use of point clouds as a geometric data basis for factory planning and compares different mapping techniques for generating these point clouds. Data and information acquisition is a crucial step in factory planning and thus in developing efficient production processes. In this context, different mapping techniques are analysed: photogrammetry (using drones and action cameras) and LiDAR scans (performed both from drones and from the ground).
The methodology and results of this investigation are discussed in detail, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each mapping technique. The focus is on comparing the generated point clouds in terms of completeness, recognisability and geometric tolerance. This comparison provides valuable insights into which technique is best suited for the data acquisition of factory planning.
The outlook of this paper includes the further development of recording techniques, particularly with regard to autonomously flying drones. In the future, these could enable more efficient and precise data acquisition for factory planning and thus further strengthen the basis for optimising production processes.
drone, photogrammetry, LiDAR, point cloud, factory planning, data acquisition
Globalization enables even small and medium-sized companies to sell their products worldwide. This is also accompanied by an increase in the number of direct competitors. As a result of the steadily increasing competition smaller companies in particular are expanding their direct sales and e-commerce activities. This requires resources for packaging, warehousing and order picking. The high competitive pressure to which The high competitive pressure to which companies are exposed can mean that attention to the requirements of the human resource is pushed into the background of entrepreneurial activity. If this resource is not used sustainably, these companies are often at a competitive disadvantage in the short and long term in that they have to find replacements for employees who are absent at short notice. for employees who are absent at short notice and loses important empirical knowledge through affected employees. This represents a competitive disadvantage for small and medium-sized enterprises in particular. The economic damage must also be damage must also be considered: Expenses for recovery and retraining must be incurred for employees who are ill. Furthermore, jobs are more difficult to fill due to an increasing awareness of health issues if the health of each employee is not taken into account. The research project entitled "Automated camera-based ergonomic evaluation of workplaces" (AkEvAp for short) addresses precisely this point in order to use people as a resource for picking in a sustainable manner.
picking, AkEvAp, ergonomics
The digital development of spaces within the city of Hannover by means of a digital image makes it possible to cover the usage needs of spaces more efficiently and in line with the requirements. The crea-tion of a digital image, which develops new possibilities for access to public space, requires the use of different sensors such as LiDAR sensors and tracking cameras. In order to select suitable sensors that can be used with UAS, the requirements for the overall system are first defined, which are derived in functional requirements for the sensor technology. Subsequently, the degree of fulfilment of the functional requirements by the different sensors
5G, UAS, digital image, digital twin
